North Sumatra was born April 15, 1948 with a residency includes three regions , namely , Aceh , East Sumatra , and Tapanuli . The capital was not Medan, not yet , but in Kutaraja , Banda Aceh now. Governor of North Sumatra was first held is Mr. SM Amin. Based on archaeological findings, North Sumatra is known inhabited since the Mesolithic era. Inhabitants referred to as the Austro melanesoid, many inhabit the mouth of the river. In 2000 BC, North Sumatra began inhabited by the Proto-Malays and later inhabited also by the Deutro Malays who came from the southern part of China.
North Sumatra was born April 15, 1948 with a residency includes three regions , namely , Aceh , East Sumatra , and Tapanuli . The capital was not Medan, not yet , but in Kutaraja , Banda Aceh now . Governor of North Sumatra was first held is Mr. SM Amin.
Based on archaeological findings, North Sumatra is known inhabited since the Mesolithic era. Inhabitants referred to as the Austro melanesoid, many inhabit the mouth of the river. In 2000 BC, North Sumatra began inhabited by the Proto-Malays and later inhabited also by the Deutro Malays who came from the southern part of China.
At the beginning of tarikh Masehi, the inhabitants of North Sumatra has established trade relations with the people of India and China.
Around the year 775 AD, North Sumatra, including in the territory of the Kingdom of Sriwijaya. With a system of government in North Sumatra kingdom emerged in the 15th century, with the advent of the Kingdom Nagur, Aru, Panai, and Batangiou. At one point, there was a war between the Kingdom-based Royal Batangiou Nagur and won by the Royal Nagur.
Because of the victory in the war, became the ruler of the entire kingdom Nagur Simelungun. In the 16th century, in Tapanuli place emerged a kingdom founded by the descendants Singamangaraja, namely the Kingdom of Batak. This kingdom then covers the entire Tapanuli land, to Angloka, Mandailings, and Dairi. Meanwhile, in the eastern coastal areas of North Sumatra there is a great empire named the Kingdom of Aru. Its territory covers a vast area, from the border to the mouth of the river Aceh Barumun, covers an area of Langkat, Deli Serdang, Asahan and Labuhan Batu.
The third kingdom above, namely, Nagur, Batak, and Aru continue to engage the competition for hegemony in the region of North Sumatra. Nagur empire more extensive, covering mainland Asahan, Serdang Hulu, Karo land and to the top of Gayo land, covering the entire northern part of the interior of North Sumatra. While the Kingdom of Batak (Singamangaraja) to expand its influence throughout the land Tapanuli, some areas in Karo, even then seize territory Simelungun previously under the authority of the Kingdom Nagur.
Whereas the Kingdom of Aru, when it received threats from three power Bedar in the Malacca Strait, ie, Aceh, Portuguese and Johor. To avoid the threat, the center of the Kingdom of Aru moved to the countryside, which in Deli Tua, now the area about ten kilometers from Medan. Effect of Aceh to North Sumatra entered in the 17th century a commander named Gocah Heroes Aceh came to Deli Tua and is married to the daughter Wan Baluan of Sunggal. Gocah Heroes is what lowers kings and kings Deli Serdang. In 1669, some areas of the east coast of North Sumatra taken by Siak. Siak then prepare the government based on the rule of Minangkabau.
The influence of colonization, In the 19th century, the Dutch influence started to enter. on February 1, 1859, signed an agreement Siak important to the Netherlands. Its content is the recognition of the ruling Siak that the region is included in the Dutch power. The Netherlands is also allowed to build bases in Bengkalis and regions are necessary. The Netherlands is also permitted, if necessary, to tax in the areas of power Siak.
Netherlands then appoint a Resident Assistant in Siak. Dutch power when it covers the entire colony Siak, namely the east coast of Sumatra. Meanwhile, in the region of the west coast of North Sumatra, the Dutch began to enter since the end of the Padri war in West Sumatra. For inland Batak land area, the grip of Dutch rule marked by "copper agreement".
It contains a request assistance Penjanjian Gedombang king of Mandailaing to the Netherlands to face Padri. With the agreement, the Dutch began to stick his influence in the interior of North Sumatra. In addition, the Dutch also invaded and occupied the island of Nias in 1863. In 1834, the Dutch established the Residency of Tapanuli. Residency centers located in four regions of Sibolga and master section, namely, Sibolga en Omstreken, Angkola en Sipirok, Batakladen, and Nias.
On March 1, 1887, the Netherlands establish residency in the area of East Sumatra. East of Sumatra residency based in Medan, consisting of four regional section, namely, Deli Serdang, Simelungun and Karolanden, Langkat, and shavings. Dutch expansion, it generated a lot of people's resistance.
However, all opposition is not well organized and always in small force so that the Netherlands can subdue the resistance. When the Netherlands expanded its power to the rural areas, namely, land Batak. Resistance led by Sisingamangaraja XII. Resistance is widespread, in addition to the Toba, also reaching other areas such as the area of power Singamangaraja Southeast Aceh, Dairi, Pakpak, Karo, Simelungun, and Toba south. Singamangaraja resistance lasted 30 years, from 1877 until 1907.
After the break the resistance of this Singamangaraja, means the Dutch already in full control of North Sumatra. Resistance against the Dutch began to reappear in the early 20th century This time the movement more politically and driven by figures educated such as Tan Malaka , Dr. Pirngadi and Adenan Nur Lubis.
At that time, many emerging political organizations, some of whom are branches of organizations based in Jakarta city. They are Syarikat Islam, PNI, Gerindo, Partindo, Al Jami'atul Washliyah, NU, Muhammadiyah, and other movement organizations. In Tapanuli land there are also religious organizations, in particular ecclesial coming into this area since the 19th century Effect of nationalism began to be felt in the church around 1930.
A number of people joined in the association Batak, Batak Christian Hatopan criticized church is still led by foreign nations. On March 13, 1942, Japanese troops entered the Medan. They then occupied the Grand Mosque (mesjid Raya) to be a fortress. In a short time, Japanese forces could occupy key cities in North Sumatra. Kings in North Sumatra was then ruled to assist the implementation of the various policies the Japanese government. Japan ruled in North Sumatra arbitrarily, and the people. Among the policies that miserable people are Romusha. Romusha aims to force all the people to help Japan in the development of defense in Southeast Asia.
Many among these romusha sent abroad as Burma, Thailand and elsewhere to forcibly employed and inhumane. Two days after Japan surrendered, namely pada17 August 1945, Indonesia proclaimed its independence. At the beginning of this independence, including in the region of North Sumatra province of Sumatra. As described above, on April 15, 1948, North Sumatra is formed by the region includes three residency, ie, Aceh, East Sumatra, and Tapanuli.
On October 3, 1945, Dr. F. Lumbantobing appointed as resident Tapanuli. Furthermore, the formation of KNI in the entire region which is accompanied by the formation of the Youth of the Republic of Indonesia (PRI). In the three-month commemorating the proclamation of independence, precisely on October 17, 1945, in Tarutung conducted a public meeting attended by all the local people. On that occasion, the people would like to pledge allegiance to the government of the Republic Indonesia.
In the era of RIS (United Republic of Indonesia) North Sumatra identity is lost because the area included in the State of East Sumatra. On August 15, 1950, after the return of RI from RIS forms to the Homeland, North Sumatra province re-established with the territory includes three residency, ie, Aceh, East Sumatra, and Tapanuli with field set as its capital. His first definitive Governor A.
Judge, which later in 1953 was replaced by Mr. B.C. Amen. In 1956, Aceh stands alone as a province, thus only covers North Sumatra and East Sumatra Tapanuli region. Conditions of the region remained until now. In the year 1956 BC. Amin replaced by St. Kumala Pontas who served as governor until 1960.
Until the beginning of the formation of the New Order regime, North Sumatra still preoccupied with conflicts both horizontal vertical ataupu. As a result of the conflict, four next governor can not do development.
They are the King of the Master Lubis (1960-1963), Eny Karim (1963-1963), Ulung Sitepu (1963-1965), and PR Telaumbanua (1965-1967). The new local development can be done in the New Order era. Governor who served first in the New Order era was Brig Marah Halim Harahap (1967-1978).
The next governor is Maj E.W.P. Tambunan (1978-1983), Major General Kaharuddin Nasution (1983-1988), Major General Raja Inal Siregar (1988-1998), Major General Tengku Rizal Nurdin (1998-2005), Rudolf Pardede (2005-2008), and Syamsul Arifin (2008- 2013).
Around the year 775 AD, North Sumatra, including in the territory of the Kingdom of Sriwijaya. With a system of government in North Sumatra kingdom emerged in the 15th century, with the advent of the Kingdom Nagur, Aru, Panai, and Batangiou. At one point, there was a war between the Kingdom-based Royal Batangiou Nagur and won by the Royal Nagur.
Because of the victory in the war, became the ruler of the entire kingdom Nagur Simelungun. In the 16th century, in Tapanuli place emerged a kingdom founded by the descendants Singamangaraja, namely the Kingdom of Batak. This kingdom then covers the entire Tapanuli land, to Angloka, Mandailings, and Dairi. Meanwhile, in the eastern coastal areas of North Sumatra there is a great empire named the Kingdom of Aru. Its territory covers a vast area, from the border to the mouth of the river Aceh Barumun, covers an area of Langkat, Deli Serdang, Asahan and Labuhan Batu.
The third kingdom above, namely, Nagur, Batak, and Aru continue to engage the competition for hegemony in the region of North Sumatra. Nagur empire more extensive, covering mainland Asahan, Serdang Hulu, Karo land and to the top of Gayo land, covering the entire northern part of the interior of North Sumatra. While the Kingdom of Batak (Singamangaraja) to expand its influence throughout the land Tapanuli, some areas in Karo, even then seize territory Simelungun previously under the authority of the Kingdom Nagur.
Whereas the Kingdom of Aru, when it received threats from three power Bedar in the Malacca Strait, ie, Aceh, Portuguese and Johor. To avoid the threat, the center of the Kingdom of Aru moved to the countryside, which in Deli Tua, now the area about ten kilometers from Medan. Effect of Aceh to North Sumatra entered in the 17th century a commander named Gocah Heroes Aceh came to Deli Tua and is married to the daughter Wan Baluan of Sunggal. Gocah Heroes is what lowers kings and kings Deli Serdang. In 1669, some areas of the east coast of North Sumatra taken by Siak. Siak then prepare the government based on the rule of Minangkabau.
The influence of colonization, In the 19th century, the Dutch influence started to enter. on February 1, 1859, signed an agreement Siak important to the Netherlands. Its content is the recognition of the ruling Siak that the region is included in the Dutch power. The Netherlands is also allowed to build bases in Bengkalis and regions are necessary. The Netherlands is also permitted, if necessary, to tax in the areas of power Siak.
Netherlands then appoint a Resident Assistant in Siak. Dutch power when it covers the entire colony Siak, namely the east coast of Sumatra. Meanwhile, in the region of the west coast of North Sumatra, the Dutch began to enter since the end of the Padri war in West Sumatra. For inland Batak land area, the grip of Dutch rule marked by "copper agreement".
It contains a request assistance Penjanjian Gedombang king of Mandailaing to the Netherlands to face Padri. With the agreement, the Dutch began to stick his influence in the interior of North Sumatra. In addition, the Dutch also invaded and occupied the island of Nias in 1863. In 1834, the Dutch established the Residency of Tapanuli. Residency centers located in four regions of Sibolga and master section, namely, Sibolga en Omstreken, Angkola en Sipirok, Batakladen, and Nias.
On March 1, 1887, the Netherlands establish residency in the area of East Sumatra. East of Sumatra residency based in Medan, consisting of four regional section, namely, Deli Serdang, Simelungun and Karolanden, Langkat, and shavings. Dutch expansion, it generated a lot of people's resistance.
However, all opposition is not well organized and always in small force so that the Netherlands can subdue the resistance. When the Netherlands expanded its power to the rural areas, namely, land Batak. Resistance led by Sisingamangaraja XII. Resistance is widespread, in addition to the Toba, also reaching other areas such as the area of power Singamangaraja Southeast Aceh, Dairi, Pakpak, Karo, Simelungun, and Toba south. Singamangaraja resistance lasted 30 years, from 1877 until 1907.
After the break the resistance of this Singamangaraja, means the Dutch already in full control of North Sumatra. Resistance against the Dutch began to reappear in the early 20th century This time the movement more politically and driven by figures educated such as Tan Malaka , Dr. Pirngadi and Adenan Nur Lubis.
At that time, many emerging political organizations, some of whom are branches of organizations based in Jakarta city. They are Syarikat Islam, PNI, Gerindo, Partindo, Al Jami'atul Washliyah, NU, Muhammadiyah, and other movement organizations. In Tapanuli land there are also religious organizations, in particular ecclesial coming into this area since the 19th century Effect of nationalism began to be felt in the church around 1930.
A number of people joined in the association Batak, Batak Christian Hatopan criticized church is still led by foreign nations. On March 13, 1942, Japanese troops entered the Medan. They then occupied the Grand Mosque (mesjid Raya) to be a fortress. In a short time, Japanese forces could occupy key cities in North Sumatra. Kings in North Sumatra was then ruled to assist the implementation of the various policies the Japanese government. Japan ruled in North Sumatra arbitrarily, and the people. Among the policies that miserable people are Romusha. Romusha aims to force all the people to help Japan in the development of defense in Southeast Asia.
Many among these romusha sent abroad as Burma, Thailand and elsewhere to forcibly employed and inhumane. Two days after Japan surrendered, namely pada17 August 1945, Indonesia proclaimed its independence. At the beginning of this independence, including in the region of North Sumatra province of Sumatra. As described above, on April 15, 1948, North Sumatra is formed by the region includes three residency, ie, Aceh, East Sumatra, and Tapanuli.
On October 3, 1945, Dr. F. Lumbantobing appointed as resident Tapanuli. Furthermore, the formation of KNI in the entire region which is accompanied by the formation of the Youth of the Republic of Indonesia (PRI). In the three-month commemorating the proclamation of independence, precisely on October 17, 1945, in Tarutung conducted a public meeting attended by all the local people. On that occasion, the people would like to pledge allegiance to the government of the Republic Indonesia.
In the era of RIS (United Republic of Indonesia) North Sumatra identity is lost because the area included in the State of East Sumatra. On August 15, 1950, after the return of RI from RIS forms to the Homeland, North Sumatra province re-established with the territory includes three residency, ie, Aceh, East Sumatra, and Tapanuli with field set as its capital. His first definitive Governor A.
Judge, which later in 1953 was replaced by Mr. B.C. Amen. In 1956, Aceh stands alone as a province, thus only covers North Sumatra and East Sumatra Tapanuli region. Conditions of the region remained until now. In the year 1956 BC. Amin replaced by St. Kumala Pontas who served as governor until 1960.
Until the beginning of the formation of the New Order regime, North Sumatra still preoccupied with conflicts both horizontal vertical ataupu. As a result of the conflict, four next governor can not do development.
They are the King of the Master Lubis (1960-1963), Eny Karim (1963-1963), Ulung Sitepu (1963-1965), and PR Telaumbanua (1965-1967). The new local development can be done in the New Order era. Governor who served first in the New Order era was Brig Marah Halim Harahap (1967-1978).
The next governor is Maj E.W.P. Tambunan (1978-1983), Major General Kaharuddin Nasution (1983-1988), Major General Raja Inal Siregar (1988-1998), Major General Tengku Rizal Nurdin (1998-2005), Rudolf Pardede (2005-2008), and Syamsul Arifin (2008- 2013).
